Exploring 7c versus 2c Small Molecule Reprogramming Combinations for Rejuvenation Research into reprogramming aims to induce some aspects of the dramatic change in gene expression and cell function that take place during early embryonic development, when adult germline cells shed the epigenetic changes characteristic of age to become young embryonic stem cells. Cell function becomes youthful, mitochondrial function is restored. Researchers can recapture the entire process, which is what happens when somatic cells are reprogrammed into induced pluripotent stem cells via exposure to the Yamanaka factors, but present efforts are turning to finding effective ways to induce only rejuvenation of function, without inducing pluripotency and loss of cell type. Exploration of what has come to be called partial reprogramming, rejuvenation without pluripotency or other undesirable cell state changes, started with the use of genetic technologies […]
https://www.fightaging.org/arc....hives/2025/07/explor

A Possible Approach to Suppressing Only Chronic Inflammation, Not Acute Inflammation The chronic inflammation of aging is a major contribution to the onset and progression of age-related disease. The immune system reacts to forms of molecular damage and dysfunction characteristic of aging in a maladaptive way, and the long-term consequences are unfortunate. Short-term inflammation is necessary and important, needed in contexts ranging from infection to suppression of cancer to regeneration following injury. Sustained, unresolved inflammation is disruptive to tissue structure and function, however. The biggest challenge in finding ways to suppress long-term inflammation is that it appears to use the same systems of regulation as short-term inflammation, and thus successful approaches not only sabotage undesirable inflammation, but also degrade the effectiveness of the immune system. If there is a way to work around this problem, we […]
https://www.fightaging.org/arc....hives/2025/07/a-poss

Theorizing on Aging as Lack of Prioritization on Maintenance It is a great deal easier to theorize about aging than it is to produce technologies that repair specific forms of damage and disarray in aged tissues. The results of animal studies using those technologies are needed in order to prove or disprove specific lines of thought regarding which mechanisms are and are not important in aging, and thus set the stage for more concrete inferences about the evolution of aging. But this is a far greater challenge than the production of more theory. So the aging research community theorizes a great deal on the nature of aging and its evolution, and these days much of that work is aided by computer modeling of pseudo-organisms and evolutionary scenarios. Aging is an extensive biological process characterized […]
https://www.fightaging.org/arc....hives/2025/07/theori

Identifying Anti-Inflammatory MicroRNAs in Extracellular Vesicles from Young Mouse Blood Transfusion of blood fractions from young individuals into old individuals has so far produced quite variable animal data and disappointing human clinical trial outcomes. Even so, researchers continue to search for molecules in young blood that might be a basis for therapy. That transfusions have not performed as desired doesn't rule out the existence of specific molecules that might be delivered in larger amounts than exist in a transfusion in order to produce benefits. That stem cell therapies produce benefits based on signals secreted by the transplanted cells indicates that cell signaling is important, a path to favorably altering the behavior of native cells in order to reduce inflammation, improve tissue function, and so forth. It is a question of identifying the right signals and […]
https://www.fightaging.org/arc....hives/2025/07/identi

Intracellular Signaling Mechanisms that Offer a Path to Treating Vascular Dementia Researchers here report an advance in understanding the biochemistry of pathological interactions between cell types in the context of vascular dementia. After mapping gene expression levels in healthy and diseased vascular tissue, the researchers find a possible basis for therapy in one specific set of altered expression levels observed in microglia and oligodendrocyte. They present initial evidence for restored expression of two genes to reduce vascular dysfunction and pathology. This sort of approach is inherently compensatory, to eliminate a maladaptive reaction without addressing underlying causes. Is likely to be more limited in benefits than addressing those causes, because the causes will continue to produce other harms. Nonetheless, this is the way that the research community usually proceeds. Vascular dementia (VaD) accounts for approximately 25% of […]
https://www.fightaging.org/arc....hives/2025/07/intrac